Improvement in churns



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Churn.

Patented Dec'. 1, 1868.

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JOHN K. WOOD, OF ALLEGHENY CITY, AND DAVID R. SPEER, OF

PITTSBURG, PENSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 84,524, dated .December l, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT 1N cHURNs.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concer-a Be it known that we, JOHN K. WOOD, of Allegheny City, and DAVID R. SPEER, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns; and' we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form apart of this specification. I

Our invention relates to that class of churns to which airis admitted into the body to facilitate the operation of`butter-ma-king, and consists in providing a churnbody, of an annular form, with a detachable lid, of any suitable form or shape, to which is aiiixed a frame-work or standard of suitable construction, on the upper portion of which is a bearing` or pillow-block, in which rotates a horizontal shaft, to the extremities of which are attached a bevel-gear wheel and a crank ofsuitable form. The bevel-gear wheel rotates a smaller bevel-gear wheel, attached, in a suitable way, to a vertical shaft, which 11o-` tates in a suitable bearing ina cross-bar of the beibrementioned standard. The vertical sha-ft is provided with a hollow helical dasher, of an increasing pitch, and tapered in its outline, to the upper portion of which is aixed a h ollow pipe, which protrudes through a suitable hole in the before-named detachable lid, and so a1,"- ranged that there is a clear passage through both pipe and helical dasher, at the base of which is an outlet of probably twenty times the area of' the inlet, or thereabouts. This dasher is attached to the vertical shaft in such a manner-that it will revolve with the shaft when itis pnt in motion. The lower extremity of this vertical shaft revolves in a suitable bearing in a cross-bar of a frame, consisting of two uprights, which are attached, in a suitable manner, to the beibre-named detachable lid, and a cross-bar, which forms the foundation o f these upright-s, the extremities of which are at or near the base of the bodyof the churn.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and to use our invention, we will describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure l is a vertical section of our improvements in churns.

A represents the body of the churn.

A, the detachable lic A2, the standard.

B, the main bevel-gear wheel.

B, the crank.

B2, the small bevel-gear wheel.

O, the vertical shaft. g

O, the hollow helical dasher.

O2, the inlet-pipe.

0*, the outlet.

O3, the step or bearing.

D, the frame.

The mode of operating with our devices is as follows, viz:

Motion being conveyed to the gear-wheel B by means of the crank B, it rotates the gear-wheel B2 and vertical shaft O, and helical dasher O', and inlet-pipe O2, the

dasher C* being rotated the reverse way to which the pitch of it points. At the same time, and by the same operation, air is admitted into the pipe O2, and passes through the helical dasher O, and escapes'at the outlet O, and penetrates the buttermilk. 'lhe frame D heilig stationary, breaks the currents caused by the revolution of the helical dasher C.

The advantages we claim in our devices are simplicity and speed. As heretofore atmospheric churns have been made, the air is admitted by means of a hollow shaft, to which the dasher is attached, or else in some complicated and thereby expensive mode.

The advantage gained by the introduction-of the atmosphere in butter-making is that the cream is in the forni of globules, which float in and around the milk, and have to be broken and separated before butter can be made, and it is known that air will break up the same more speedily and better than any mechanical contrivance yet known.

Having thus described the nature, construction, and operation of our devices,

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The vertical shaft C, with its operative mechanisms B, B', and B2, and hollow helical dasher O, of the form described, with its inlet-pipe Ol and outlet O4, in combination with the fra-me D, when connected to the lid A, as described, when constructed, combined, arranged,

and operating substantially as herein described and for 

